Arthroplasty
RCT
LOE I
n = 76
72 hours postoperative (discharge endpoint); N/A for long-term follow-up.
Yu X, Yuan Y · … · Li T
Key Takeaway: Incisional liposomal bupivacaine infiltration failed to reduce the primary endpoint of resting VAS pain at 48 hours (median 0 both groups, p=0.143) in geriatric hip fracture arthroplasty, despite significant reductions in activity pain at 8, 24, and 48 hours and oral rescue opioid use (25 vs. 50 MME median).
Arthroplasty
RCT
LOE I
n = 1,715
20 years
Murray DW, Hudson J · … · Campbell MK
Key Takeaway: Over 20 years, patellar resurfacing during TKR produced no significant difference in Oxford Knee Score (marginal difference 0.76, p=0.076) but yielded significantly more QALYs (7.295 vs 6.884, difference 0.380, p=0.020) at equivalent total cost (£10,825 vs £10,889).
Arthroplasty
RCT
LOE I
n = 50 (KA n=25, MA n=25)
2 years
Ueyama H, Nakagawa S · … · Terai H
Key Takeaway: In a 50-patient RCT comparing KA-TKA vs MA-TKA, alignment strategy was not an independent predictor of outcomes, while extension coronal gap angle (β=2.85, p<0.01) and quadriceps strength loss (β=0.56, p=0.03) independently predicted KSS 2011 satisfaction and functional activity, respectively.
Sports Medicine
RCT
LOE I
n = 50 (25 per group, 39 completed follow-up)
12 months clinical, 9 months MRI
Sinha S, Arumugham KC · … · Vakharia KS
Key Takeaway: Attachment-sparing hamstring autograft achieved complete MRI graft maturation (Figueroa score 5) in 100% of patients at 9 months versus only 10% in free graft controls, with earlier ligamentization detectable as early as 3 months.
Arthroplasty
RCT
LOE I
n = 555 (DM n=271, SB n=284); 527 with ≥90-day follow-up
Median 23 months (range 3.0–87.2 months)
Potluri AS, Yadav AS · … · Nam D
Key Takeaway: In high-risk primary THA patients randomized to dual-mobility vs. single-bearing constructs, dislocation rates were 0.7% vs. 2.1% at median 23 months—a threefold difference that failed to reach statistical significance (P=0.29).
Sports Medicine
RCT
LOE I
n = 175 (control n=79, PRP n=53, BMAC n=43)
Mean 2 years
Mokhtar AA, Gawish H · … · Hirschmann MT
Key Takeaway: PRP and BMAC augmentation of hamstring autograft ACLR produced no improvement in Lysholm, IKDC, or Marx scores at 2 years, and BMAC was associated with worse MRI signal intensity of the graft.
Spine
meta-analysis
LOE I
n = 17 RCTs, 2,238 patients
Mean 14.6–14.7 months
Patel S, Nischal SA · … · Prasad SK
Key Takeaway: Full endoscopic discectomy reduces return-to-work time by 22.68 days and wound-related complications (infection RR 0.30, hematoma RR 0.47) versus microscopic discectomy, but increases fluoroscopic radiation exposure (MD +0.92 units) with no consistent long-term superiority in pain or ODI.
Arthroplasty
RCT
LOE I
n = 76 (MC=38, UC=38 completers from 80 enrolled)
12 months with interim assessments at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months.
Schrednitzki D, Sina J · … · Halder AM
Key Takeaway: MC and UC tibial inserts produced equivalent KSS scores (172.2 vs 174.0) and satisfaction rates (94.7% vs 92.1%) at 1 year, with no statistically significant difference on any outcome measure.
Arthroplasty
RCT
LOE II
n = 28
36 weeks
Sotiriou D · … · Ullmark G
Key Takeaway: Trabecular Titanium acetabular cups demonstrated 17% higher periprosthetic metabolic activity (SUV) at 4 weeks postoperatively compared to hydroxyapatite-coated cups, suggesting earlier osseointegration with TT surfaces.
Spine
systematic review
LOE II
n = 18 studies, 3,346 patients
Range 5.0–19.4 years across included studies.
Salman SG, Phadke R · … · Bono C
Key Takeaway: Across 18 studies and 3,346 patients with up to 19.4 years follow-up, lumbar TDA provides durable pain and functional improvement with index-level revision rates of 0.67–19.9%, but surgically defined ASD rates of 0.8–5.1% do not demonstrate a definitive protective effect over fusion.
Sports Medicine
prospective cohort
LOE II
n = 80 (40 zoledronic acid, 40 placebo)
3 months (miRNA sampling at preop, 2 days, 3 months postop)
Schanda JE, Hackl M · … · Fialka C
Key Takeaway: Intraoperative single-dose zoledronic acid produced distinct circulating miRNA profiles at 2 days post-repair—including significantly lower miR-140-3p in the treatment group and preserved miR-29a-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-192-5p, and miR-146a-5p versus controls—suggesting reduced enthesis inflammation/fibrosis and enhanced collagen synthesis as the molecular mechanism behind previously observed retear reduction.
Shoulder & Elbow
prospective cohort
LOE II
n = 29 (17 RSA, 12 nonoperative; from original RCT of 62)
Mean 7.5 years (RSA 7.6 yr, nonoperative 7.4 yr).
Lopiz Y, Alcobía-Díaz B · … · Marco F
Key Takeaway: At mean 7.5-year follow-up, RSA produced a significantly higher Constant score (62 vs 51, P=.039) compared to nonoperative treatment for displaced 3- or 4-part PHFs in patients aged ≥80 years.
Arthroplasty
prospective cohort
LOE II
n = 7,871 primary THAs
2 years
Lee YJ · … · Sochart DH
Key Takeaway: Nearly half of primary THA patients (47.5% at 1 year, 48.6% at 2 years) hit the EQ-5D-3L ceiling score, with a preoperative EQ-5D ≥0.534 predicting ceiling attainment (AUC 65.6%).
Arthroplasty
prospective cohort
LOE II
n = 267
1 year with serial assessments at POD7, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year.
Kubo T, Kinoshita T · … · Takao M
Key Takeaway: In 267 Japanese TKA patients, one-year postoperative PCS independently predicted KSS satisfaction (β = -0.390, p < 0.001) even after controlling for VAS pain, and six-month PCS independently predicted one-year satisfaction (β = -0.241, p = 0.014).
Foot & Ankle
systematic review
LOE III
n = 10 studies, 998 patients
N/A if not reported.
Encinas R, Hall Kiriluk S · … · Gonzalez T
Key Takeaway: Surgical fixation of Jones fractures yields a significantly lower nonunion rate (3.3% vs 11.6%) and higher AOFAS scores (96.5 vs 84.1) compared to conservative management across 998 patients.
Arthroplasty
database study
LOE III
n = 9,802 (early fracture cohort n=1,725 matched to three comparison groups totaling ~8,077 patients)
2 years
Acuña AJ, Forlenza EM · … · Della Valle CJ
Key Takeaway: Early periprosthetic femoral fracture within 30 days of primary THA carries a 2-year reoperation-free survivorship of only 48.5%, compared to 97.6% in matched non-fracture controls.
Shoulder & Elbow
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 287 (35 nonsurgical Z-type, 157 nonsurgical non-Z-type, 95 surgical Z-type)
N/A if not reported.
Muhammad M, Borgida JS · … · Aneja A
Key Takeaway: Nonoperatively managed Z-type clavicle fractures had a 17% rate of surgery to promote healing—identical to non-Z-type fractures—but surgical fixation reduced that rate to 1.1%, while excluding implant removal revealed a significantly higher unplanned reoperation burden in the nonsurgical group (20% vs. 4.2%, P=0.009).
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 148,977 (10,287 morbidly obese; 637 prior bariatric surgery)
1-year composite complication endpoint; 30-day readmission also captured.
Lex JR, Ekhtiari S · … · Ravi B
Key Takeaway: Among morbidly obese THA patients who achieved BMI <40 kg/m² after bariatric surgery, major complication risk remained 84% higher (OR 1.84) and PJI risk 236% higher (OR 3.36) compared to non-bariatric patients with equivalent BMI.
Shoulder & Elbow
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 331 (264 GHOA, 67 PCA after 4:1 propensity matching)
N/A
Bowler AR, Diestel DR · … · Kirsch JM
Key Takeaway: Glenoid morphology in postcapsulorrhaphy arthropathy (PCA) is nearly identical to primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis across all measured parameters except superior inclination (7.5° vs. 4.3°, p<0.001), a difference unlikely to be clinically meaningful.
Pediatric Orthopaedics
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 650 (467 AIS, 183 controls)
N/A
Xu L, Liu C · … · Cui H
Key Takeaway: A fully automated deep learning system achieved 95.6% overall accuracy and macro-averaged F1 score of 0.862 for Lenke classification of AIS directly from spinal radiographs, with Cobb angle ICC of 0.969–0.976 versus expert measurement.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 118 (63 THA, 55 TKA)
N/A
Lam AD, Sutton RM · … · Krueger CA
Key Takeaway: Single-stage exchange for chronic PJI costs 54% less than two-stage exchange for TKA ($79,548 vs. $171,592) and 58% less for THA ($79,349 vs. $187,251), driven primarily by a 4.3x difference in implant costs for TKA.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 144 ankles (138 patients) at minimum 10-year follow-up; 164 ankles initially enrolled
Mean 12 years (range 10–15 years)
Sadoun M · … · Stiglitz Y
Key Takeaway: SALTO TALARIS TAA demonstrates 96.2% implant survival (revision of ≥1 metallic component) and 99% survival to arthrodesis conversion at 10 years across 144 ankles with minimum 10-year follow-up.
Spine
database study
LOE III
n = 57,475 weighted admissions (12,410 ALIF; 45,065 PLF)
N/A (inpatient episode only)
Mastrokostas LE, Mastrokostas PG · … · Ng MK
Key Takeaway: ALIF for degenerative spondylolisthesis carries fewer perioperative complications than PLF (composite adverse events OR 1.68 favoring ALIF) but costs $11,500 more per admission ($43,000 vs. $31,500).
Pediatric Orthopaedics
systematic review
LOE III
n = 6 studies, 413 patients
N/A
Sato A, Khair YJ · … · Lee RJ
Key Takeaway: Short leg casting achieves equivalent coronal and sagittal alignment to long leg casting in pediatric tibial fractures while reducing time to weight-bearing by 2.29 weeks and time to union by 1.21 weeks.
Trauma
meta-analysis
LOE III
n = 9 studies, 1,412 patients
N/A
Le J, Xie K · … · Linn MS
Key Takeaway: Early definitive ORIF of tibial plateau fractures within 72 hours reduces deep SSI risk by 46% compared to delayed fixation (8.7% vs 16.1%; RR 0.54).
Spine
systematic review
LOE III
n = 32 studies
N/A
Gonugunta N · … · Steinmetz MP
Key Takeaway: Across 32 studies, no single criterion defines lumbar instability; >3 mm sagittal translation on flexion-extension radiographs remains the most historically cited radiographic threshold, but current literature supports a multidomain framework requiring at least two of three criteria (clinical, radiographic, questionnaire).
Arthroplasty
meta-analysis
LOE III
n = 7 studies, 332 revisions (224 RH, 108 NHR)
N/A — not uniformly reported across included studies
Ruelos VCB, Jayarajan NA · … · Tansey PJ
Key Takeaway: Rotating-hinge revision TKA for arthrofibrosis yields a pooled ROM improvement of 42.2° and a 17.5° advantage over non-hinged revision constructs without increased complications.
Pediatric Orthopaedics
meta-analysis
LOE III
n = 13 studies; 9 included in meta-analyses (patient N not reported in abstract)
N/A
Neo BXB, Choo JSH · … · Jun-Hao T
Key Takeaway: Risser staging overestimates skeletal maturity in AIS at a clinically significant rate, with Risser-mature/SMS-immature discordance occurring in 12.5% and Risser-mature/CVM-immature discordance in 24.3% of patients.
Arthroplasty
systematic review
LOE III
n = 27 studies, 27,271 knees
Short- (<5yr), mid- (5–<10yr), and long-term (≥10yr) stratified; mean not reported as single figure.
Cruickshank M · … · Chalmers BP
Key Takeaway: UKA survivorship at <5, 5–10, and ≥10 years does not differ significantly across non-obese, obese, and morbidly obese patients (95.5% vs 95.3% vs 95.8% at <5 years; 92.1% vs 92.9% vs 88.7% at ≥10 years), though morbidly obese patients show a non-significant trend toward lower mid-term survivorship (90.6% vs 95.3%, adjusted P=0.065).
Pediatric Orthopaedics
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 98 patients, 152 feet
N/A — cross-sectional radiographic evaluation at variable timepoints between 2005 and 2023; no prospective follow-up interval reported.
Galán-Olleros M, Samara E · … · Bouchard M
Key Takeaway: Flat-top talus occurred in 68% of Ponseti-treated clubfeet undergoing radiographic evaluation, with prior surgery carrying a 4.29-fold increased odds of its presence.
Trauma
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 169 (107 femoral, 62 tibial shaft fractures; 356 radiograph sets)
9 months postoperative
Sun P, Eurich J · … · Erdman MK
Key Takeaway: Inter-rater reliability of mRUST in ballistic femoral and tibial shaft fractures is only moderate (ICC 0.64 and 0.61, respectively), and a 3-month mRUST score <8 predicts nonunion with 100% sensitivity for femur but only 71% sensitivity for tibia.
Arthroplasty
database study
LOE III
n = 233,841
2012–2022 (up to 10 years); exact mean not reported.
Harris A, Donnelly PC · … · Hegde V
Key Takeaway: Medium-viscosity cement carries a 2.32-fold higher hazard of revision for aseptic loosening compared to low-viscosity cement in primary TKA, while antibiotic cement confers no protective effect against PJI revision.
Spine
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 305,313 (150,293 PLF without interbody; 155,020 PLF with interbody)
90 days
Ng MK, Mastrokostas PG · … · Vaccaro AR
Key Takeaway: Robot-assisted PLF carries 2.22x higher odds of organ/space SSI (with interbody) and mean 90-day episode costs of $67,400 versus $53,700 for conventional PLF.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 7,424 (2,886 THA, 4,538 TKA)
1 year (300–425 days postoperative)
Driessche AM, Zamzam M · … · Charters M
Key Takeaway: Inactive patient portal use was the strongest predictor of 1-year PROM noncompletion after TJA (OR 5.85 for HOOS-JR, OR 3.28 for KOOS-JR), with overall 1-year completion rates peaking at only 44.1% (HOOS-JR) and 48.3% (KOOS-JR) despite >90% preoperative completion.
Pediatric Orthopaedics
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 43
N/A
Rahimzadeh JD, Weintraub MJ · … · Kaushal N
Key Takeaway: Lower preoperative LVEF independently predicts prolonged intubation after neuromuscular scoliosis correction (β=-0.11 per 1% LVEF, P=0.003), with ROC AUC of 0.78 in the CP subgroup.
Arthroplasty
database study
LOE III
n = 9,282
N/A
Wier J, Jones IA · … · Heckmann ND
Key Takeaway: Non-resolving NLR trajectory after hemiarthroplasty carries a 5.4-fold increased odds of mortality (15.3% vs. 1.8%) compared to a blunted inflammatory phenotype.
Shoulder & Elbow
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 1,594 (849 aTSA, 745 rTSA)
Minimum 2 years
Beleckas CM · … · Levy JC
Key Takeaway: Among shoulder arthroplasty patients achieving a SANE score ≥95, aTSA patients outperformed rTSA patients on all higher-demand functional metrics and ROM, and were more likely to reach that threshold (40% vs. 26%).
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 1,176 (645 THA, 531 HA) across 8 institutions
Mean 6.1 years
Won SH, Lee SH · … · Kim SC
Key Takeaway: At mean 6.1-year follow-up, THA and HA revision rates were equivalent, but cumulative revision curves diverged in favor of THA at 5.5 years, driven by late HA failures from periprosthetic femoral fracture (27.8%) and acetabular erosion (16.7%).
Sports Medicine
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 2,366 (1,183 per propensity-matched cohort)
Minimum 2 years.
Omurzakov A, Omurzakov AM · … · Apostolakos JM
Key Takeaway: Preoperative GLP-1 RA use in obese patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair was associated with lower 2-year revision rates for left-sided repairs (4.0% vs 8.2%, OR 0.5) and lower retear rates in women with left-sided repairs (20.2% vs 33.5%, OR 0.5).
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 8,607
N/A if not reported.
Wang E, McCormick K · … · Hepinstall MS
Key Takeaway: Maximizing bearing diameter in primary fixed-bearing THA yielded zero dislocations in 835 patients versus a 1.0% rate in those receiving non-maximized bearings (OR 0.14 on LASSO regression, P = 0.003).
Spine
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 374
Minimum 2 years.
Kang DH · … · Park SJ
Key Takeaway: Machine learning identified distinct risk factor profiles for moderate PJK (17.4%; driven by L1 tilt and relative hyperlordosis) versus severe PJK (11.0%; driven by lordosis distribution index maldistribution and construct rigidity) after ASD surgery.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 1,180 (500 healthy knees, 500 osteoarthritic knees for radiological classification; 180 robot-assisted TKAs for intraoperative analysis)
N/A (intraoperative data only; no postoperative functional follow-up reported)
Yu M, Hu M · … · Feng B
Key Takeaway: The APAK classification, integrating distal femoral rotation and tibial coronal alignment at 90° flexion, showed a moderate-to-strong association with intraoperative flexion-gap patterns (Cramer's V = 0.481, p < 0.001), and functional alignment reduced medial-lateral gap differences at 90° by up to 2.63 mm compared to mechanical alignment across major APAK phenotypes.
Spine
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 337
30 days
Murata S, Nagata K · … · Yamada H
Key Takeaway: Each 0.5-cm² decrease in geniohyoid muscle cross-sectional area on admission CT independently increased odds of 30-day respiratory complications by 2.29-fold (AUC 0.86) in 337 surgical cSCI patients.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 1,381 TKA surgeries (221 Spanish-speaking patients)
1 year (WOMAC); 90-day readmission endpoint
Jummie Akinwunmi O, Buchalter WH · … · Sarpong NO
Key Takeaway: Language-concordant preoperative education reduced 30-day readmission odds by 89% (DiD OR=0.11) and 90-day readmission odds by 82% (DiD OR=0.18) among Spanish-speaking TKA patients relative to English-speaking patients.
Shoulder & Elbow
database study
LOE III
n = 2,111
6-year cumulative percent revision reported; exact mean follow-up not stated.
Jomaa M, Ingoe H · … · Cutbush K
Key Takeaway: At 6 years, stemless aTSA (7.0% CPR) and rTSA (6.5% CPR) had statistically equivalent revision rates in patients under 55, while stemmed aTSA carried a 2.04-fold higher revision hazard than rTSA.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 7,795
2 years (failure endpoint)
Zedan AM · … · Diaz-Ledezma C
Key Takeaway: DAIR failure rates rise from 37.7% at ≤4 weeks to 55.2% at 10–12 weeks, with joinpoint regression identifying a critical inflection point at approximately 7 weeks post-arthroplasty beyond which failure risk accelerates disproportionately.
Shoulder & Elbow
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 71 (survival); n=62 (clinical/radiologic outcomes)
Mean 11 ± 0.6 years (range 10–14 years)
Barret H, Garret J · … · Boileau P
Key Takeaway: Pyrocarbon interposition shoulder arthroplasty achieves 87% survival at 10 years overall, but revision rate reaches 44% in Walch B2 glenoids versus 2% in type A glenoids (P=.002).
Arthroplasty
database study
LOE III
n = N/A (aggregate reimbursement data, not patient-level cohort)
2014–2022 (8-year study period)
Holle AM, Moore ML · … · Bingham JS
Key Takeaway: Inflation-adjusted Medicaid reimbursement for THA fell 31.9% (from $2,050 to $1,395) and for TKA fell 22.0% (from $2,024 to $1,579) between 2014 and 2022, with declines independent of Medicaid expansion status.
Shoulder & Elbow
case-control
LOE III
n = 220 rTSAs (24 cases, 48 matched controls)
Median 5.5 months to fracture occurrence; overall follow-up duration not specified.
Wiemer F · … · Bell SN
Key Takeaway: Acromial stress fractures/reactions occur in 11% of rTSA patients and are independently associated with corticosteroid use (aOR 9.6) and prior shoulder surgery (aOR 7.2), with significantly worse functional outcomes at final follow-up.
Arthroplasty
database study
LOE III
n = 20,568
2015–2024 (10-year registry period); individual follow-up not reported.
Elsheikh R, Amsler F · … · Hirschmann MT
Key Takeaway: Patellar complications are the leading cause of first TKA revision (29%, 35.8/1,000 primaries), while infection drives re-revision, escalating from 15% of first revisions to nearly 65% of fourth-or-higher revisions.
Pediatric Orthopaedics
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 452 tibial FD rod placements in 102 patients
N/A if not reported.
Wang K · … · Wallace M
Key Takeaway: Lateral distal tibial epiphyseal rod placement increases failure-to-telescope odds by 2.71-fold (OR 2.71; 95% CI 1.48–5.05) in pediatric OI patients undergoing Fassier-Duval tibial rodding.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 51 patients (53 knees): 16 Charcot (18 knees), 35 non-Charcot (35 knees)
Mean 87.0 months (range 61–108)
Zheng W, Tang J · … · Wang J
Key Takeaway: RHK-pTKA guided by zonal fixation theory achieved 94.44% 5-year prosthesis survival in Charcot knee arthropathy, equivalent to non-Charcot controls (94.29%), despite greater bone defect burden and more frequent metal augmentation requirements.
Shoulder & Elbow
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 207 (arthroplasty n=85, RCR n=122)
6 months postoperative
Gangavaram A, Mahatme RJ · … · Grawe BM
Key Takeaway: Hybrid telerehabilitation adjunct to in-person PT after shoulder arthroplasty and rotator cuff repair achieved equivalent 6-month ASES, VAS, and ROM outcomes while reducing in-clinic PT visits by 5–6 sessions and PT duration by 5–6 weeks.
Arthroplasty
database study
LOE III
n = 14,720 (7,360 per cohort after 1:1 propensity match)
2 years
Ilyas MH, Kang H · … · Kwon YM
Key Takeaway: Preoperative fall history in patients ≥65 undergoing primary THA is independently associated with nearly doubled revision risk (RR 1.95), 2.33× dislocation risk, and 2.46× one-year mortality compared to propensity-matched controls.
Arthroplasty
meta-analysis
LOE III
n = 14 studies, 575 patients
N/A if not reported.
Elsheikh R, Burgert N · … · Dahmen J
Key Takeaway: In patients with a contralateral TKA, UKA achieves 7.4° greater ROM and 2.7x higher patient preference but carries a 5x higher revision risk (OR 0.2) compared to the contralateral TKA.
Arthroplasty
database study
LOE III
n = 4,456 (2,228 matched pairs)
90 days
Telang SS, Kumaran P · … · Heckmann ND
Key Takeaway: Transfusion following aseptic revision TKA is independently associated with a 2.19-fold increased risk of PJI and a 1.89-fold increased risk of DVT at 90 days.
Sports Medicine
retrospective cohort
LOE IV
n = 34 shoulders
Mean 76.5 ± 5.7 months (range 65–89 months).
Baek CH, Kim JG · … · Kim SJ
Key Takeaway: Arthroscopic-assisted lower trapezius transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears achieves MCID in 70–79% of patients at mean 76.5 months, with teres minor trophicity the strongest predictor of functional PASS attainment (ρ = -0.743).
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 1,682
Mean 22 months
Buller LT, Luo TD · … · Meneghini RM
Key Takeaway: 76.8% of primary THA patients met the CMS-mandated 22-point HOOS JR SCB threshold at mean 22 months, and neither obesity nor chronic opioid use predicted failure to meet this benchmark.
Sports Medicine
case series
LOE IV
n = 39 shoulders
N/A
Gibbs HP, McQuade AM · … · Dickens JF
Key Takeaway: First-time traumatic posterior dislocation produces mean posterior glenoid bone loss of ~11%, rising to ~13% with recurrent events, approaching thresholds for soft-tissue stabilization failure.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 25,112
Up to 5 years (2018–2024); cumulative probability reported at 5 years.
Sambare TD, Royse KE · … · Kelly MP
Key Takeaway: Triple-taper (Type 3C) femoral stems reduced aseptic revision risk by 53% versus single-taper stems (HR=0.47) and 61% versus dual-taper stems (HR=0.39) in obese THA patients at five years.
Pediatric Orthopaedics
retrospective cohort
LOE IV
n = 100
N/A
Pedrick EG · … · Edmonds EW
Key Takeaway: The coronal LCL sign was present in 64% of pediatric ACL-deficient knees and occurred at equal rates in hyperlax (Beighton ≥6, 62%) versus normal-laxity (64%) patients (P=1.0), confirming it as an ACL-specific instability marker independent of generalized ligamentous laxity.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 1,486
N/A
Kuznetsov M, Playter KP · … · Smith EL
Key Takeaway: In 1,486 primary HOPD TKA patients, spinal bupivacaine dose ≤1.6 mL was associated with a 6-hour shorter LOS versus >1.6 mL, with each 0.1 mL increase adding 49 minutes to LOS.
Shoulder & Elbow
prospective cohort
LOE IV
n = 41 shoulders (35 patients)
Mean 4.5 years (range 2–9.5 years).
Ranieri R · … · Boileau P
Key Takeaway: Pyrocarbon hemiarthroplasty with C2 corrective glenoid reaming for B2/B3 osteoarthritis achieved 95% prosthesis survival at mean 4.5 years with no revisions for painful glenoid erosion and adjusted Constant Score improvement from 43% to 97%.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE III
n = 2,829 total; 346 matched pairs (fixation comparison); 213 matched pairs (stem design comparison)
N/A if not reported.
Chen XT, Springer BD · … · Wilke BK
Key Takeaway: When collared cemented stems are compared to metaphyseal-filling collared cementless stems via propensity matching, periprosthetic fracture rates (3% vs 2%) and BCIS rates are statistically equivalent across 213 matched pairs.
Musculoskeletal Oncology
retrospective cohort
LOE IV
n = 55
Minimum 2 years post-Stage II osseointegration surgery.
Bozzay AB, Rivera JA · … · Forsberg JA
Key Takeaway: The 2018 MSIS serum criteria failed to discriminate infection from no-infection in transfemoral osseointegration patients (MSIS total score likelihood ratio χ² = 1.6, p = 0.21), while a novel 4-marker composite score achieved AUC = 0.84 with sensitivity 0.88 at a cutoff ≥ 2.
Arthroplasty
retrospective cohort
LOE IV
n = 75 knees, 57 patients
Mean 30.3 years (range 25–38 years).
Nielsen AW · … · Hofmann AA
Key Takeaway: Cementless TKA in patients under 50 achieved 30-year femoral component survivorship of 100% and tibial baseplate survivorship of 97.3%, with polyethylene exchange (17.3%) as the dominant failure mode.
Foot & Ankle
retrospective cohort
LOE IV
n = 13 patients, 25 devices
Median 36 months (range 24–48 months).
Berberian WS · … · Schon L
Key Takeaway: Citrate-based bioceramic interference devices (Citregen) showed 0% bone tunnel enlargement and near-complete osseous integration (76–100% along long axis) in 21 of 25 implants at median 36-month MRI follow-up.
Sports Medicine
case series
LOE IV
n = 25
Mean 23.5 months (range 14–32 months) for PROs; imaging at mean 9 months for MRI cohort.
Brinkman JC, Moore ML · … · Tokish JM
Key Takeaway: Rotator cuff repair augmented with an autograft biceps patch ('Biceps Smash') achieved a 4% retear rate versus a modified Rotator Cuff Healing Index-predicted rate of 21.5% (p=0.0196) at mean 23.5-month follow-up.
Sports Medicine
case series
LOE IV
n = 50
1 year (second-look arthroscopy endpoint).
Kim JS, Hwang UJ · … · Chung KS
Key Takeaway: A posterior tibial slope ≥8.3° on lateral radiograph is associated with lax (failed) healing after medial meniscus posterior root repair at 1-year second-look arthroscopy, with mean PTS 9.3° in lax versus 6.6° in nonlax repairs (p=0.001).
Trauma
systematic review
LOE V
n = N/A
N/A
Morrell N · … · Pidgeon TS
Key Takeaway: Corrective osteotomy for metacarpal and phalangeal malunion can address all three planes of deformity, with 3D-printed cutting guides and software-assisted planning improving surgical precision, though specific union or functional outcome rates are not reported.
Pediatric Orthopaedics
Not available
LOE NOT REPORTED
n = Not reported
Not reported
Beydemir A
Key Takeaway: Abstract not available — see the original article for details.
Shoulder & Elbow
systematic review
LOE V
n = 799 studies
N/A
Werthel JD · … · Routman H
Key Takeaway: Among 799 rTSA studies, the center of rotation was mentioned in 72.8% but clearly defined in only 19.4%, and 53% failed to specify the anatomical origin of lateralization.
Shoulder & Elbow
biomechanical
LOE V
n = 32 rabbits (64 shoulders, 4 groups of 8)
12 weeks post-repair
Rhee SM, Im P · … · Kim J
Key Takeaway: An atelocollagen-loaded hyaluronic acid porous scaffold increased tendon stiffness to 42.2 ± 7.5 N/mm (p=0.005) and improved collagen fiber density (p=0.041) versus saline, HA-only, and atelocollagen-injection controls at 12 weeks in a rabbit chronic rotator cuff repair model.
Shoulder & Elbow
biomechanical
LOE V
n = 5 stemless implant designs, 20 bone density distributions (n=10 per age group)
N/A
Líbano Monteiro H, Antunes M · … · Folgado J
Key Takeaway: In FE models, older bone density (age 60–80) increased bone-implant micromotions across all five stemless designs, but Global Icon- and Inhance-based implants showed the least sensitivity to age-related density decline.
Shoulder & Elbow
prospective cohort
LOE V
n = 212 (164 mice, Phase I; 48 rats, Phase II)
Phase I: 90 days; Phase II: 4 months
Lopiz Y, Ponz-Lueza V · … · Marco F
Key Takeaway: An allogeneic ASC-based cell therapy medicinal product showed no toxicity or tumorigenicity across doses up to 1000× the clinical dose, but failed to improve histological scores (median 2 vs 1, p=0.811) or load to failure (51.99 N vs 50.97 N, p=0.770) over vehicle control in a chronic rat rotator cuff repair model.